Search results for "density [astrophysics]"

showing 10 items of 561 documents

High-density polyethylene facial implants show surface oxidation in SEM and EDX examination: a pilot study.

2009

Previous histopathological studies on explanted Medpor high-density polyethylene (HDPE) facial implants indicated signs of material destruction and claimed to observe phagocytized HDPE particles within the tissue samples beside the usual type IV reaction with severe fibrosis. We examined new and explanted Medpor material with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The implant surface of three patient-derived specimens showed significantly higher oxygenation in EDX analysis and morphological changes in SEM compared to the new unused material directly after opening of the package and after 1 year of exposure to air. Our preliminary findings indicate a p…

Materials scienceScanning electron microscopeSurface PropertiesBiomedical EngineeringPilot ProjectsSurgical implantsSevere fibrosisBiochemistryChemistry Techniques AnalyticalBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundUsual typeSurface oxidationComposite materialMolecular BiologyX-RaysGeneral MedicineProstheses and ImplantsPolyethylenechemistryPolyethyleneMicroscopy Electron ScanningHigh-density polyethyleneImplantOxidation-ReductionBiotechnologyActa biomaterialia
researchProduct

Model of partial crystallization and melting derived from small-angle X-ray scattering and electron microscopic studies on low-density polyethylene

1980

A temperature-dependent small-angle x-ray scattering and electron microscopic study on a sample of low-density polyethylene affords a determination of the structure changes in a heating and cooling cycle and suggests a new model of partial crystallization and melting. The analysis of SAXS data is based upon some general properties of the electron-density correlation function. Electron micrographs are obtained from stained sections γ irradiated at elevated temperatures and are analyzed quantitatively by statistical means. According to the model proposed here the thickness distribution in the amorphous layers, rather than that of the crystalline regions, is the essential factor governing the …

Materials scienceScatteringSmall-angle X-ray scatteringGeneral EngineeringThermodynamicsPolyethyleneAmorphous solidlaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundLow-density polyethyleneCrystallographyCorrelation function (statistical mechanics)chemistrylawsense organsIrradiationCrystallizationJournal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition
researchProduct

Effect of different matrices and nanofillers on the rheological behavior of polymer-clay nanocomposites

2009

In this work, a comprehensive study of the rheological behavior under shear and isothermal and nonisothermal elongational flow of low density polyethylene (LDPE) and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) based nanocomposites was reported to evaluate their "filmability", that is, the ability of these material to be processed for film forming applications. The influence of two different kinds of organoclay - namely Cloisite 15A and Cloisite 30B - and their concentration was evaluated. The presence of filler clearly affects the rheological behavior in oscillatory state of polyolefin-based nanocomposites but the increase of complex viscosity and the shear thinning are not dramatic. A larger st…

Materials scienceShear thinningPolymers and PlasticsRheometryengineering.materialCondensed Matter PhysicsPolyolefinPolymer clayLow-density polyethylenechemistry.chemical_compoundRheologychemistryUltimate tensile strengthMaterials ChemistryengineeringOrganoclayPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryComposite materialJournal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics
researchProduct

A stable path to ferromagnetic hydrogenated graphene growth

2014

In this paper, we propose a practical way to stabilize half-hydrogenated graphene (graphone). We show that the dipole moments induced by an hexagonal-boron nitride (h-BN) substrate on graphene stabilize the hydrogen atoms on one sublattice of the graphene layer and suppress the migration of the absorbed hydrogen atoms. Based upon first principle spin polarized density of states (DOS) calculations, we show that the half hydrogenated graphene (graphone) obtained in different graphene-h-BN heterostructures exhibits a half metallic state. We propose to use this new exotic material for spin valve and other spintronics devices and applications.

Materials scienceSpintronicsCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsGrapheneCondensed Matter::OtherSpin valveFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsHEXAGONAL BORON-NITRIDE; GRAPHONENitrideCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionDipoleCondensed Matter::Materials SciencelawMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Density of statesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Atomic PhysicsBilayer grapheneGraphene nanoribbons
researchProduct

Immobilization of BMP‐2, BMP‐7 and alendronic acid on titanium surfaces: Adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow‐derived stem cells

2019

This study analyzed the influence of titanium (TiO2 ) surface modifications with two osteogenic proteins (BMP-2, BMP-7) and an anti-osteoclastic drug (alendronic acid [AA]) on sandblasted/acid-etched (SLA) and plain TiO2 (PT) on cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation (alkaline phosphatase [AP] and osteocalcin [OC]) of bone-marrow derived stem cells (BMSCs) after 1, 3 and 7 days in-vitro. Initially, AA surfaces showed the highest cell number and surface coverage. At day 3 and 7, BMP and AA-modified surfaces exhibited a significantly enhanced cell growth. For proliferation, at days 3 and 7, an enhancement on BMP-2, BMP-7 and AA-surfaces was seen. At day 7, SLA also showed a higher p…

Materials scienceSurface PropertiesBone Morphogenetic Protein 70206 medical engineeringBiomedical EngineeringBone Morphogenetic Protein 2Biocompatible MaterialsBone Marrow Cells02 engineering and technologyBone morphogenetic protein 2BiomaterialsOsteogenesisCell AdhesionmedicineHumansCell adhesionCells CulturedCell ProliferationTitaniumAlendronateBone Density Conservation AgentsbiologyCell growthStem CellsAlendronic acidfungiMetals and AlloysCell DifferentiationAdhesion021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology020601 biomedical engineeringMolecular biologyImmobilized Proteinsmedicine.anatomical_structureembryonic structuresCeramics and CompositesOsteocalcinbiology.proteinAlkaline phosphataseBone marrow0210 nano-technologymedicine.drugJournal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A
researchProduct

Protection of high-density polyethylene-silicon composites from ultraviolet-visible photodegradation

2017

[EN] The extent of the ultraviolet¿visible (UV¿vis) photoirradiation effect on high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and HDPE¿sili-con (Si) composites is reported in terms of the addition of Si microparticles at contents of 0.1, 1, and 5 wt %. A standard acceleratedUV-vis exposure was applied over 2750 h, corresponding to 22 months in Florida. Thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used as reliable techniques for monitoring the quality of the HDPE-Si composites. Theincreasing addition of Si microparticles delayed the photodegradation of the HDPE¿Si composites. Because of their strong light-scattering effects, Si microparticles blocked…

Materials scienceThermal propertiesPolymers and PlasticsSiliconComposite numberDifferential scanning calorimetry (DSC)chemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesElectron Microscopy Service of the UPVchemistry.chemical_compoundDegradationDifferential scanning calorimetryMaterials ChemistryFourier transform infrared spectroscopyComposite materialPhotodegradationMaterials compostosThermogravimetric analysis (TGA)TermoplàsticsGeneral ChemistryPolyolefinsPolyethylene021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsThermogravimetrychemistryMAQUINAS Y MOTORES TERMICOSHigh-density polyethylene0210 nano-technology
researchProduct

Metallic evolution of small magnesium clusters

2001

Structural and electronic properties of small magnesium clusters (N≤13) are studied using a first-principles simulation method in conjunction with the density functional theory and generalized gradient correction approximation for the exchange-correlation energy functional. It is observed that the onset of metallization of magnesium clusters is hard to assign since both the s-p hybridization and the energy gap between the valence and conduction bands do not evolve rapidly towards the known bulk properties. Instead these quantities show a slow and nonmonotonic evolution.

Materials scienceValence (chemistry)MagnesiumBand gapBinding energychemistry.chemical_elementElectronic structureAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticschemistryChemical physicsDensity of statesDensity functional theoryAtomic physicsEnergy functionalThe European Physical Journal D
researchProduct

Design and Implementation of Density Sensor for Liquids Using Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor

2022

In this paper, an optical fiber sensor based density sensor is proposed and demonstrated experimentally. The sensor is formed by fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor. The proposed sensor design is very simple and versatile for density measurements of liquids. The FBG strain sensor has one end mounted to a 3D printed rigid support, and the other end connected to a 3D manufactured clamp in this sensor design. A metal ball is suspended from this clamp by a non-stretchable cord. When it is completely immersed in liquid, the liquid buoyancy force acts on it. As a result, the strain in FBG varies depending on the force applied to the ball. This results in a wavelength shift in the FBG sensor. The pro…

Materials sciencebusiness.industryDensityFiber bragg grating sensorfiber Bragg grating (FBG)3D printingQC350-467Optics. LightoilAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticsdensity of waterTA1501-1820OptoelectronicsApplied optics. PhotonicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinesshotplateVDP::Teknologi: 500::Informasjons- og kommunikasjonsteknologi: 550IEEE Photonics Journal
researchProduct

Semiempirical pseudopotential approach for nitride-based nanostructures and {\it ab initio} based passivation of free surfaces

2013

We present a semiempirical pseudopotential method based on screened atomic pseudopotentials and derived from \textit{ab initio} calculations. This approach is motivated by the demand for pseudopotentials able to address nanostructures, where \textit{ab initio} methods are both too costly and insufficiently accurate at the level of the local-density approximation, while mesoscopic effective-mass approaches are inapplicable due to the small size of the structures along, at least, one dimension. In this work we improve the traditional pseudopotential method by a two-step process: First, we invert a set of self-consistently determined screened {\it ab initio} potentials in wurtzite GaN for a ra…

Mesoscopic physicsMaterials scienceCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsAb initioFOS: Physical sciencesElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPseudopotentialCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceAb initio quantum chemistry methodsMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Physics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersProjector augmented wave methodLocal-density approximationAtomic physicsWurtzite crystal structure
researchProduct

A Molecular Electron Density Theory Study of the Competitiveness of Polar Diels–Alder and Polar Alder-ene Reactions

2018

Indexación: Scopus. Funding: Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) of the Spanish Government, project CTQ2016-78669-P (AEI/FEDER, UE) and Fondecyt (Chile) grant 1180348. Acknowledgments: This research was supported by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) of the Spanish Government, project CTQ2016-78669-P (AEI/FEDER, UE) and Fondecyt (Chile) grant 1180348. L.R.D. thanks Fondecyt for continuous support through Cooperación Internacional. M.R.-G. also thanks MINECO for a post-doctoral contract cofinanced by the European Social Fund (BES-2014-068258). The competitiveness of the BF3 Lewis acid (LA) catalyzed polar Diels–Alder (P-DA) and polar Alder-ene (P-AE) reactions …

Models MolecularDienePharmaceutical Science01 natural sciencesAnalytical ChemistryDioxanesAlder-ene reactionschemistry.chemical_compoundComputational chemistryDrug DiscoverySingle bondLewis acids and basesBoranesLewis AcidsCycloaddition ReactionChemistryStereoisomerismPrins reactionMolecular Electron Density Theory Diels-Alder reactionsChemistry (miscellaneous)ElectrophileThermodynamicsMolecular Medicinecompetitive reactionscompetitive reactions polar reactionsAllylic rearrangementElectrons010402 general chemistryArticleCatalysislcsh:QD241-441lcsh:Organic chemistryPseudocyclic selectivityFormaldehydeButadienespolar reactionsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryEne reactionDiels-Alder reactionsPrins reaction pseudocyclic selectivity010405 organic chemistryOrganic ChemistryMolecular Electron Density TheoryPolar reactionsPhenanthrenespseudocyclic selectivity0104 chemical sciencesPrins reactionQuantum TheoryCompetitive reactionsMolecules
researchProduct